TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wolff, Wanja
A2  - Wolff, Wanja
A2  - Baumgarten, Franz
A2  - Brand, Ralf
DB  - BISp
DP  - BISp
KW  - Intervention
KW  - Kognition
KW  - Kognitionspsychologie
KW  - Leistung, kognitive
KW  - Leistungssteigerung
KW  - Neuropsychologie
KW  - Prozess, kognitiver
KW  - Prävention
KW  - Selbstkontrolle
KW  - Sportpsychologie
KW  - Test, kognitiver
LA  - eng
TI  - Reduced self-control leads to disregard of an unfamiliar behavioral option : an experimental approach to the study of neuroenhancement
TT  - Reduzierte Selbstkontrolle führt zu Missachtung von ungewohnten Verhaltensmöglichkeiten : eine experimentelle Herangehensweise an das Studium des "Neuroenhancement"
PY  - 2013
N2  - Background: Neuroenhancement (NE), the use of psychoactive substances in order to enhance a healthy individual’s cognitive functioning from a proficient to an even higher level, is prevalent in student populations. According to the strength model of self-control, people fail to self-regulate and fall back on their dominant behavioral response when finite self-control resources are depleted. An experiment was conducted to test the hypothesis that ego-depletion will prevent students who are unfamiliar with NE from trying it. Findings: 130 undergraduates, who denied having tried NE before (43% female, mean age = 22.76 ± 4.15 years old), were randomly assigned to either an ego-depletion or a control condition. The dependent variable was taking an “energy-stick” (a legal nutritional supplement, containing low doses of caffeine, taurine and vitamin B), offered as a potential means of enhancing performance on the bogus concentration task that followed. Logistic regression analysis showed that ego-depleted participants were three times less likely to take the substance, OR = 0.37, p = .01. Conclusion: This experiment found that trying NE for the first time was more likely if an individual’s cognitive capacities were not depleted. This means that mental exhaustion is not predictive for NE in students for whom NE is not the dominant response. Trying NE for the first time is therefore more likely to occur as a thoughtful attempt at self-regulation than as an automatic behavioral response in stressful situations. We therefore recommend targeting interventions at this inter-individual difference. Students without previous reinforcing NE experience should be provided with information about the possible negative health outcomes of NE. Reconfiguring structural aspects in the academic environment (e.g. lessening workloads) might help to deter current users.   Verf.-Referat
L2  - https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1747-597X-8-41
DO  - 10.1186/1747-597X-8-41
SP  - Art.-ID 41, [6 S.]
SN  - 1747-597X
JO  - Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy
VL  - 8
M3  - Elektronische Ressource (online)
M3  - Gedruckte Ressource
ID  - PU201405004906
ER  -