Somatotyping using 3D anthropometry : a cluster analysis
Deutscher übersetzter Titel: | Konstitutionstypbestimmung mittels 3D-Anthropometrie : eine Cluster-Analyse |
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Autor: | Olds, Tim; Daniell, Nathan; Petkov, John; Stewart, Arthur D. |
Erschienen in: | Journal of sports sciences |
Veröffentlicht: | 31 (2013), 9, S. 936-944, Lit. |
Format: | Literatur (SPOLIT) |
Publikationstyp: | Zeitschriftenartikel |
Medienart: | Gedruckte Ressource |
Sprache: | Englisch |
ISSN: | 0264-0414, 1466-447X |
DOI: | 10.1080/02640414.2012.759660 |
Schlagworte: | |
Online Zugang: | |
Erfassungsnummer: | PU201312008239 |
Quelle: | BISp |
Abstract
Somatotyping is the quantification of human body shape, independent of body size. Hitherto, somatotyping (including the most popular method, the Heath-Carter system) has been based on subjective visual ratings, sometimes supported by surface anthropometry. This study used data derived from three-dimensional (3D) whole-body scans as inputs for cluster analysis to objectively derive clusters of similar body shapes. Twenty-nine dimensions normalised for body size were measured on a purposive sample of 301 adults aged 17–56 years who had been scanned using a Vitus Smart laser scanner. K-means Cluster Analysis with v-fold cross-validation was used to determine shape clusters. Three male and three female clusters emerged, and were visualised using those scans closest to the cluster centroid and a caricature defined by doubling the difference between the average scan and the cluster centroid. The male clusters were decidedly endomorphic (high fatness), ectomorphic (high linearity), and endo-mesomorphic (a mixture of fatness and muscularity). The female clusters were clearly endomorphic, ectomorphic, and the ecto-mesomorphic (a mixture of linearity and muscularity). An objective shape quantification procedure combining 3D scanning and cluster analysis yielded shape clusters strikingly similar to traditional somatotyping. Verf.-Referat