Abstract des Autors

Acute mountain sickness (AMS) occurs after 6 to 12 hours of acute exposure to altitudes above 2500 m. It usually abates spontaneously but may progress to a life-threatening cerebral edema. High altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) is a non cardiogenic edema, which is often preceded by AMS. A low hypoxic ventilatory drive, sodium and water retention as well as increased capillary permeability are pathophysiological factors of both illnesses, while exaggerated pulmonary artery hypertension is crucial in the pathogenesis of HAPE. Slow ascent is the most important preventive measure. Acetazolamid and dexamethason are effective in the prevention of AMS and nifedipin in the prevention of HAPE. Descent and/or supplemental oxygen are the treatment of choice. Dexamethason may be given for treatment of severe AMS and nifedipin for treatment of HAPE. Verf.-Referat