Abstract

For the prevention and treatment of anemia in athletes, a series of studies have been conducted on 427 athletes of training teams, institute of physical education, and amateur school of physical education in Beijing. The main results were as follows: 1. The anemia incidences of 192 elite athletes and 124 children and adolescent athletes were 22.4 and 39.5 respectively. The anemia incidences were significantly higher in female and younger athletes. 2. Hb levels decreased and urinary nitrogen output increased at the early stage of intensive training (one-two month) of the majority of athletes investigated. Comprehensive nutrition supplementation was effective in preventing sports anemia. 3. Results of the investigation on blood parameters showed that iron deficient anemia was the major type in anemia of athletes. 4. RBC filter rates decreased and RBC osmotic fragility, RBC suspension viscosity, and the percentages of abnormal shaped RBC (by SEM) increased in athletes after anaerobic exercise, but there have not been enough evidences to elucidate whether the demaging effects on RBC deformability induced by anaerobic exercise would cause anemia. 5. Sweat iron levels of adult and children athletes were 60+30 ug/dL and 42+10 ug/dL respectively. Iron absorption rate of athletes in training (9.1+2.9) was significantly lower that that of the nontraining period (11.9+4.7). The results suggested that athletes with heavy sweating and in systematic training are sensitive population to iron deficient anemia. Verf.-Referat