Zusammenfassung

People with a particular phenotype better respond to exercise in relation to people with other phenotype. This difference in response to exercise is caused by genetic differences, as well as their interactions with environmental influences, which indicates the necessity of different approach to exercise in its application in good health, but also in prevention and therapy of various chronic diseases. Personalized medicine is the inclusion of individual genetic information in the design and implementation of clinical treatment in order to improve the efficiency of treatment. The treatment is prescribed individually, which leads to better results in the treatment of disorders treated for a shorter period of time. Kinesiogenomics as an example of personalized medicine allows the individualization of the treatment of many complex diseases and is the application of genetic information in exercise prescription. A significant genetic component exists in response to hypertension, diabetes 2 and obesity on exercise, which can be used as a guide in choosing a therapeutic approach. This paper is an overview of new findings on the role of genotype in the response to exercise and increase its effectiveness in prevention, treatment and control of these health disorders.