Increasing effort without noticing : a randomized controlled pilot study about the ergogenic placebo effect in endurance athletes and the role of supplement salience
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Autor: | Broelz, Ellen Kristina; Wolf, Sebastian; Schneeweiß, Patrick; Nieß, Andreas Michael; Enck, Paul; Weimer, Katja |
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Erschienen in: | PLoS one / Public Library of Science |
Veröffentlicht: | 13 (2018), 6, Art.-ID e0198388, [14 S.], Lit. |
Format: | Literatur (SPOLIT) |
Publikationstyp: | Zeitschriftenartikel |
Medienart: | Elektronische Ressource (online) |
Sprache: | Englisch |
ISSN: | 1932-6203 |
DOI: | 10.1371/journal.pone.0198388 |
Schlagworte: | |
Online Zugang: | |
Erfassungsnummer: | PU202011010129 |
Quelle: | BISp |
TY - JOUR AU - Broelz, Ellen Kristina A2 - Broelz, Ellen Kristina A2 - Wolf, Sebastian A2 - Schneeweiß, Patrick A2 - Nieß, Andreas Michael A2 - Enck, Paul A2 - Weimer, Katja DB - BISp DP - BISp KW - Blut KW - Information, sensorische KW - Leistung, sportliche KW - Sportmedizin KW - Wahrnehmung KW - Übung, spezielle LA - eng TI - Increasing effort without noticing : a randomized controlled pilot study about the ergogenic placebo effect in endurance athletes and the role of supplement salience PY - 2018 N2 - Purpose: Previous research shows that endurance performance can be enhanced by placebo ergogenic aids. This study investigates the ergogenic placebo response, which we define as an increase in objective and physiological effort without an increase in subjective effort, in competitive cyclists. The primary objective of this study is to explore the role of supplement salience in the ergogenic placebo response, while the secondary aim is to assess whether believing to have taken an inactive placebo supplement attenuates the desired ergogenic effect. Methods: We employed a double-blind placebo-controlled study design and compared a high salience (pudding) to a low salience (capsules) ergogenic placebo supplement and to a no treatment control group. Thirty-four male athletes (30.0 ± 5.7 years) performed two self-regulated time trials on an isokinetic cycling ergometer, one without intervention serving as a baseline and one with intervention according to group assignment. At both time trials, power output (objective effort), blood lactate (physiological effort) and the rating of perceived exertion (subjective effort) were measured. Results: Receiving a high salience supplement can increase physiological and objective effort without a proportional rise in subjective effort, suggesting a decoupling of perceived exertion and endurance performance. Low salience and control group both showed no such ergogenic placebo response. Athletes’ belief concerning the true nature of the ergogenic aid (inactive placebo vs. ergogenic supplement) did not influence the ergogenic placebo response. Conclusion: High salience placebo ergogenic aids can elicit enhanced performance without the athlete noticing (exertion), and deception of athletes seems unnecessary as even believing to have received an inactive placebo supplement maintains the ergogenic placebo response. L2 - https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0198388 DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0198388 SP - Art.-ID e0198388, [14 S.] SN - 1932-6203 JO - PLoS one / Public Library of Science IS - 6 VL - 13 M3 - Elektronische Ressource (online) ID - PU202011010129 ER -