Abstract des Autors

The aim of this investigation was to determine the influence of sweat electrolyte concentration on body water and electrolyte homeostasis during a marathon. Fifty-one runners completed a marathon race in a warm and dry environment (24.4 +/- 3.6 °C). Runners were classified as low-salt sweaters (n = 21; <30 mmol/L of sweat Na+ concentration), typical sweaters (n = 20; =/>30 and <60 mmol/L of sweat Na+ concentration), and salty sweaters (n = 10; =/>60 mmol/L of sweat Na+ concentration). Before and after the race, body mass and a sample of venous blood were obtained. During the race, sweat samples were collected by using sweat patches, and fluid and electrolyte intake were recorded by using self-reported questionnaires. Low-salt, typical and salty sweaters presented similar sweat rates (0.93 +/- 0.2, 0.92 +/- 0.29, 0.99 +/- 0.21 L/h, respectively), body mass changes (−3.0 +/- 1.0, −3.3 +/- 1.0, −3.2 +/- 0.8%), total Na+ intake (12.7 +/- 8.1, 11.5 +/- 9.7, 14.5 +/- 16.6 mmol), and fluid intake (1.3 +/- 0.8, 1.2 +/- 0.8, 1.2 +/- 0.6 L) during the race. However, salty sweaters presented lower post-race serum Na+ concentration (140.8 +/- 1.3 vs 142.5 +/- 1.1, 142.4 +/- 1.4 mmol/L; P < 0.01) and serum osmolality (297 +/- 6 vs 299 +/- 5, 301 +/- 6 mOsm/kg; P < 0.05) than low-salt and typical sweaters. Sweat electrolyte concentration could influence post-race serum electrolyte concentration in the marathon. However, even the saltiest sweaters did not develop exercise-associated hyponatremia or associated symptoms.