Abstract des Autors

Role of personality has always been important in the process of social evolution. A winding life path of Professor Juozas Skernevičius started 85 years ago, leading him from a simple village boy to a celebrated athlete, lecturer, scientist, finally brought to the highest achievements in sport science (Skernevičius, Dadeliene, 2011). This life journey was full of great trials and required deep concern in complex situations, finding precise and skillful decisions in problems solving. Altogether, it brought him to recognition and now allows looking over the works fulfilled, giving them evaluation from today’s perspective. Providing analysis of personality contribution into evolution of science it is important when this contribution has a certain role in other persons’ fates, their conception of life, works and science of educology (Miškinis et al., 2008). Aim of the work was to analyze the contribution of Professor Juozas Skernevičius to the evolution of Lithuanian sport and sport science. The methodic. Ethnographic research method was applied in the study. This method aims at describing relations between people, their activity, achievements, as well as their impact to the group of people and state (Bitinas, 2002). The results and conclusions. Long life and rich scientific and practical activity of Professor J. Skernevičius contributed to formation of his main general and special sport-related statements: - the main value of sport science exploratory work is analysis and development of human physical, functional and spiritual abilities’ evolution. Both fundamental and applied research of sport science is necessary for science development, however, Professor J. Skernevičius gives priority to the applied research; - direction of a person’s life and existence is determined genetically. It is also influenced by skills, talent, environment and educational factors. Recommendations to reach for high sport results should be provided only to the athletes possessing very good inborn physical, functional, psychic data (genome); - development of motor sport activity should be initiated at a rather early age – 5 to 7 years. No negligence should be allowed at initial stage of training young athletes in teaching them sport or sport discipline technique. Total scheme of the movements should be precise and comprehensible. Incorrect motions should not be tolerated as the problem is to increase with time. Training overload should be avoided; - in many sports, the result depends on working power and ability to keep on working at the same power level, i.e., on endurance. Essential is awareness of power and endurance, which depend on the muscle groups prevailing in work performance. It is also important to perceive the way of matching development of power of different nature; - the main purpose of blood respiratory system is to provide body cells with necessary amount of various elements and to remove metabolic residue. Development of this system rather often falls behind from muscle development – particularly, in adolescence. It is advisable not to speed up this activity due to possible quick overstrain; rather great mistake is providing evaluation on the impact of training load without consideration of recovery. An athlete gets stronger at rest, but only in case if he got tired beforehand. Strength increases only in cells which got tired at work. In recovery, very important role is played by the time allocated, altogether with necessary substances and complete nutrition. Recovery is essential not only to muscle tissues, but to sinews, ligaments, cartilages and bones, too; in athletes’ preparation, continuous testing of athletes’ physical and functional abilities, detailed quality planning of training process, analysis of the work performed and its accounting, control of effectiveness of training loads, control of recovery process and reasonable correction of preparation must be ensured.