Abstract

The aim of the research was to analyze the dynamics of physical development and physical capacity of high performance women track cyclists during the four year Olympic period and to search for the interdependence of particular indices of physical development and physical capacity. Three the best women cyclists of Lithuanian Olympic team were tested: cyclist A - the vice-champion of the World Championship, cyclist B – the champion of the World Cup Championship, the champion of the European Youth Championship, cyclist C – the one who makes to the top ten of World women track cyclists. The research was being carried out in the framework of the programme Beijing 2008 for four years. Physical development data were measured, Single muscular contraction power (SMCP), anaerobic alactic muscular power (AAMP), while using step ergometry method, were established aiming to evaluate physical capacity. The 10-s veloergometer test on max exertion was applied aiming to measure special anaerobic alactic powers, the 30-s veloergometer test on max exertion was applied aiming to measure mixed anaerobic alactic glycolytic powers, the 60-s veloergometer test was applied aiming to measure anaerobic glycolytic capacity. Functional capacity of blood circulation was estimated by establishing blood pressure while sitting, heart rate while lying for 5 min, establishing its reaction to active orthostatic sample and to standard physical load. Haemoglobin (Hb) and hematocrit (Ht) concentrations in blood were established too. Basic indices of physical development of high performance women track cyclists fluctuated diversely during the four year Olympic period: muscle mass grew up significantly while fat mass was growing down, the power of hands increased also. Women cyclists’ SMPC has changed fractionally meanwhile AAMP was apparently progressive. Special anaerobic alactic power, mixed anaerobic alactic power and glycolytic power progressed and have reached very high level. Very dose interdependence among muscle mass, hands power and special anaerobic power indices was established. This is the basis for methodological perfection of women cyclists’ training. It was estimated that indices of blood circulation varied little when women cyclists were adapting to physical loads; considerable changes were established on pulse rate (PR) reaction on standard physical load. Verf.-Referat