Abstract

The highest performance athletes pay the exceptional attention to their nutrition. The selection of the right food supplements is still the difficult problem striving for the adequate supplying athletes’ body with the essential nutrition substances. Sometimes the athletes do not know the amounts of nutritive and biologically active substances in their daily food ration and this makes situation more complicated. lt is very important to combine the food supplements and the food ration. Without regarding the factual nutrition the food supplements would be administered chaotically. The research of the factual nutrition in different sports is very important and actual because, despite of the amounts of food supplements used by athletes the deciding factor is the factual nutrition. Thus, research of factual nutrition of athletes from different sports is very important and relevant, and character of main nutrition plays deciding role. The aim of our work was to evaluate the factual nutrition and physical development of the highest performance Lithuanian athletes from different sports. The study cohort comprised the one representative of the highest performance level in Lithuania from number of different Sports: strongman Sport, racewalking, canoeing, skiing, biathlon. Level of athletes’ physical development was studied 4 times per year. We examined their height, body mass and its components, optimal body mass and the limits of optimal body mass. Factual nutrition was determined by the method of questioning and weighing. It was evaluated food ration chemical composition from average food sets. The high performance athletes’ physical performance was adequate to the represented sports and differs marginally during the study year. The factual nutrition of the athletes was found to satisfy the energetic demands of their body. All studied representatives from different Sports received the sufficient protein amount (from 1.7 to 3.6 g/kg body mass) Administrating food supplements without combining them to factual nutrition raise the dysbalance among the proportions of protein, fat and carbohydrates. Food supplements highlighted the dysbalance among the amino acids and showed the Metionine deficiency in all subjects food ration. Factual nutrition of athletes meets their energetical needs. Pronounced dysbalance of nutritional elements in average nutritional ration is evidenced by sufficient amount of proteins, too high amount of fat, and too low amount of carbohydrates and shortage of polysaccharide carbohydrates. The supplements consumed by athletes raise their vitamin composition in daily food ration more then 10 times, comparing to well-balance nutrition formula. Verf.-Referat