Abstract

The aim of our research was to evaluate athletes’ factual nutrition, physical development and blood indices of the endurance training athletes and to investigate the relations between all these indices. The research data showed that the athletes participated in three to eight training sessions per week with duration from one and a half to two hours, i.e., they spent in training sessions from six to sixteen hours and also attended lectures at university. The nutrition regime of the investigated was quite normal: 57,1% of them had nutrition three times a day, 35,7% - four times a day and 7,1% - five times a day. The meal was prepared and consumed in home conditions. The meal consumption in caterings was rare. The average indices of anthropometric research, characterizing athletes’ physical development: body mass, body mass index, muscles and fat mass and their index were normal. Analysis of collection of average day nutrition elements showed that different athletes during the investigated three days period (in average) used to consume different nutrition articles. The individual average daily collections of main nutrition elements groups were rather different both in quality and quantity aspects. With such great individual nutrition products collections differences, the average indices of the whole group did not reflect the factual situation. The total energy amount of the athletes’ nutrition ratio refunded the energy consumption of the investigated. The protein amount in the athletes’ nutrition ratio was enough, however the great shifts of its amount in individual nutrition ratio was established: from 1,3 to 3,2 g/kg body weight. Pronounced disbalanse of energy amount from nutritive elements in average athletes’ food ratio, expressed in too high fat amount. Energy from fats made up 44,6% instead of recommended 20-30%. Amount of energy received from proteins was enough, it made 14,8%. Lack of hydrocarbons manifested itself in energy amount from this element – 40,6% instead of recommended 55-65%. Proportion of mono- and disaccharides, as well as polysaccharides was not rational, as polysaccharides made up less than one half of all hydrocarbons received with nutrition. Too high amount of fats in the food was observed also in the previous athletes‘ factual nutrition researches, however such pronounced fat excess in nutrition ratio of the athletes, performing endurance sports, was not found before. Vitamins amount in the athletes’ average nutrition ratio were close to recommended with exception of vitamins D, B1, Bc and PP, as the amounts of the latter did not reach recommended amount for this group persons non-involved into sport performances. Amounts of mineral elements and microelements in average nutrition ratio corresponded to requirements of balanced nutrition. Analysis of interrelations between different indices of athletes’ physical development and their average food ratio and blood research in the scale of intercorrelation showed strong relation of the body mass and muscle mass with essential amino acids (r = 0,61 and r = 0,60), animal proteins (r = 0,47 and r = 0,46), total protein (r = 0,35 and r = 0,34) amounts in food ratio and were not dependent from food ratio energy value. Fat body mass had a weak relation with animal proteins (r = 0,30) and essential amino acids (r = 0,24) amounts in the ratio. Haemoglobin concentration and number of erythrocytes in the blood of the athletes had essential relation (r = 0,41 and r = 0,45) with retinol amount in the ratio. Cholesterol concentration in blood did not depend from great cholesterol amount in athletes’ nutrition (897+-16,6 mg) and had week relation with fats (r = 0,26), animal fats (r = 0,24) and iron (r = 0,30) amount in ratio, and triglycerides concentration in athletes‘ blood was dependent from cholesterol amount in the nutrition. Verf.-Referat