Abstract

Sporttechnologie ist die Glut, die im Sport alles zusammenhält. Sie verfügt über eine breite Basis. Alle Bereiche der Technologie, die sich beispielsweise mit dem Design von Sportgeräten und -bekleidung, der Leistungssteigerung im Sport mit Hilfe von Modellen und Simulationen sowie Experimente, um neue Techniken zu testen, befassen, sind Teil der Sporttechnologie. Die zwei Bände, die aus der fünften Sporttechnologiekonferenz (5th Conference on Engineering of Sport), die im September 2004 an der Universität in Kalifornien stattfand, entstanden sind, enthalten insgesamt 172 Beiträge, die auf dem Kongress gehalten wurden. Die Thematik ist in folgende zehn Bereiche aufgeteilt: Auswirkung/Einfluss, Behindertensport, Messtechnik/Instrumente, Material/Sportgeräte, Messverfahren, Modellierung, Optimierung, Roboter, Sportschuhe, Sporttechnologie und Vibration. Die Autoren und ihre Beiträge sind: I. Impact: 1. S.R. Goodwill, S.J. Haake: Effect of string tension on the impact between a tennis ball and racket. 2. A.D.G. Johnson, M.Strangwood, S.R. Otto: Radial property variations in ‘solid’ golf balls and their effects on impact performance. 3. H. Matsuhisa, M. Sonoda, J.G. Park, H. Utsuno: Energy analysis of tennis ball-racket collision. 4. R. Danescu, M. Ziejewski, M. Stewart: Practical parameter for characterizing the head-to-ball impact and measuring the effectiveness of protective headgears in soccer. 5. S. Fisher, J. Vogwel, A.N. Bramley: The effect of structural design on the coefficient of restitution for some first class cricket bats. 6. A.M. Nathan, D.A. Russell, L.V. Smith: The physics of the trampoline effect in baseball and softball bats. 7. M.J. Carre, D. Dodd, T. Senior, S J. Haake: A system for predicting the impact between a ball and a sports surface. 8. B.P. Self, C. Karins, T. Knox: Head accelerations during impact events. 9. P.J. Drane, J.A. Sherwood: Characterization of the effect of temperature on baseball COR performance. 10. D.M. James, M.J. Carré, S.J. Haake: The normal impact of a cricket ball on a cricket pitch. 11. S. Nabeshima, J.A. Sherwood: Comparison of the performance of U. S. and Japanese aluminum baseball bats. 12. J. Duris, L. Smith: Evaluating test methods used to characterize softballs. 13. K. Koenig, J.S. Dillard, D.K. Nance, D.B. Shafer: The effects of support conditions on baseball bat performance testing. II. Injuries & Disabilities: 14. A. Chemor-Ruiz, J.T. Dennerlein: Injuries among indoor and outdoor soccer players. 15. L.H. Wang, P.C. Lin, F C. Su: Optimal camber angle in wheelchair athletes. 16. D.C. Sherman, C.A. Bir, T.J. Walilko, M. Boitano: Correlation between punch dynamics and risk of injury. 17. N.D.R. Hamilton, T. Senior, S.J. Haake, E. Winter, D. Claxton: The rolling resistance of racing wheelchairs. III. Instrumentation: 18. S. Miller: Accuracy of an automated system for measuring ball rebound height. 19. E. Wang, V. Macedo, J. Reid: A method for quantifying the rolling resistance of bicycle tires. 20. Y.H. Nien, L.R. Chuang, P.H. Chung: The design of force and action time measuring device for martial arts. 21. M. Hokari, F. Hiraoka, K. Watanabe: Kinematical analysis and measurement of sports. 22. M.L. Peterson, R.F. Reiser, C.W. McIlwraith: System development for in-situ characterization of horse racing track surfaces. 23. C.J. Nowak, V. Krovi, W.J. Rae: Flight data recorder for an American football. 24. T.M. Westenburg, S.L. Smith, T.M. Conrad, M.R. Leigh: Instrumentation to monitor dynamic performance of Olympic weightlifters. 25. J.M H. Loh, A.M.J. Bull, A.H. McGregor, R.C. Schroter: Instrumentation of a Concept II rowing ergometer for kinetic and kinematic data acquisition. 26. P.J. Neilson, R. Jones, D. Kerr, C.M. Sumpter: An automated system for the measurement of soccer ball flight characteristics. 27. L. Bianchi, N. Petrone, M. Marchiori: A dynamometric platform for load data acquisition in snowboarding: design and field data analysis. 28. S. Koike, H. Iida, T. Kawamura, N. Fujii, M. Ae: An instrumented bat for simultaneous measurement of forces and moments exerted by the hands during batting. 29. B. Heller, S.J. Haake, C. Kirtley: An instrumented insole for measurement of foot motion. IV. Materials: 30. M. Reichel, A. Sabo: Flex-behaviour of bindings and boots in snowboard systems. 31. D. Bacon, J. Moffatt, L. Edwards, M.E. Fitzpatrick, A.D. Tarrant: Metal matrix composites: In the driving seat. 32. M. Huntley, C.L. Davis, M. Strangwood, S.R. Otto: Characterisation of ‘seams’ in carbon-fibre composite golf shafts. 33. S.A. Monk, C.L. Davis, M. Strangwood, S.R. Otto: The effect of friction coefficient and surface properties on spin generation and launch angle in golf wedges. 34. T. Mase, A.M. Kersten: Experimental evaluation of a 3-D hyperelastic, rate-dependent golf ball constitutive model. 35. C.L. Davis, S.N. Kukureka: Effect of materials and manufacturing on the bending stiffness of vaulting poles. V. Measurements: 36. D.C. Billing, J.P. Hayes, C.R Nagarajah, J. Baker: Prediction of ground reaction forces in running using unobtrusive, on-athlete instrumentation in conjunction with nonlinear and linear models. 37. F.K. Fuss, G. Niegl, Y.H. Yap, A.M. Tan: Measurement of pinch grip forces during sport climbing. 38. F.K. Fuss, G. Niegl, A.M. Tan: Friction between hand and different surfaces under different conditions and its implication for sport climbing. 39. K. King, S.W. Yoon, N.C. Perkins, K. Najafi: The dynamics of the golf swing as measured by strapdown inertial sensors. 40. K. Blair, D. Custer, S. Alziati, W. Bennett: The effect of load rate, placement angle, and ice type on ice screw failure. 41. T. Asai, S. Takano, M.J. Carre, S.J. Haake: A fundamental study of an infront curve kick in football. 42. T.M. Waller, M.P. Caine: Dynamic mouth pressure generation during fixed intensity exercise. VI. Modeling: 43. D.G. Baldwin, A.T. Bahill: A model of the bat’s vertical sweetness gradient. 44. A.T. Bahill, R. Botta: Baseball models populating a Zachman framework. 45. G. A. Spolek: Fly rod spines. 46. M. Tsunoda, R.C.H. Bours, H. Hasegaw: Three-dimensional motion analysis and inverse dynamic modelling of the human golf swing. 47. G. Wang, N.M. Werely: Analysis of fly fishing rod casting dynamics. 48. C. Gatti-Bono, N.C. Perkins: Predicting the motion of a flyline during an overhead cast. 49. A. Wiezel, A. Fafitis: Calculation of dwell time for tennis racquets. 50. N.T. Paterson, D.A. Gorham, R. Matela, J.E. Moffatt, A. Greasley, B. Karet: A finite element study of the mechanics of sports mouthguards. 51. K.Y.B. Cheng, M. Hubbard: Optimal jumping strategies from compliant surfaces: A two-dimensional model of springboard standing jumps. 52. A.T. Sayers, K.O. Ramasenya: Cooling effectiveness of cycle helmets. 53. F.W. Paul, P.F. Joseph, R.D. Haun: Modeling and experimental evaluation of fly rod dynamics. 54. R.J. Dignall, S.R. Goodwill, S.J. Haake, S. Miller: Tennis GUT - modelling the game. 55. T. Iwatsubo, K. Adachi, T. Aoki, M. Onuki, H. Kakiuchi: A study of the 2D dynamic simulation model for the golf swing. 56. P.W. Kong, M.A. King, M.R. Yeadon: Determination of foot-springboard interface parameters using an angledriven model of springboard diving takeoff. 57. J.L. McNitt-Gray, P.S. Requejo, H. Flashner, L. Held: Modeling the musculoskeletal behavior of gymnasts during landings on gymnastics mats. VII. Optimization: 58. H. Brody: Where on the tennis racket to hit the ball to get maximum power and reduce unforced errors. 59. Y. Hirano: Quickest descent line between several gates during alpine ski racing. 60. G. Rajadhyaksha, A. Arapostathis: Cricket strategy: Using a Bayesian network to recommend the best bowling option. 61. T. Naruo, T. Mizota: Trajectory analysis and optimum trajectory of a golf ball. 62. A.R. Podgaets, K. Seo, B. Jošt, S. Štuhec: Multicriterion optimisation of a ski jump. 63. N. Hirotsu, C. Miyaji, N. Ezaki, T. Shigenaga, A. Taguchi: A model for finding optimal tactics in volleyball using Markov decision processes. 64. A.L. Sheets, M. Hubbard: Optimization of giant swing before dismount for maximal flight revolutions. 65. M.A. King, M.R. Yeadon: Optimum performance in tumbling: Optimisation criteria. VIII. Robotics: 66. D. Anderson, N.C. Perkins, B. Richards: Quantitative understanding of the fly casting stroke: Measurements and robot controlled casting. 67. T. Yoneyama, H. Kagawa, N.W. Scott: Ski robot system for the study of effective turn motions. 68. N. Felten, M. Amos, J.P. Spampinato: Evaluation of soccer ball designs using a soccer ball kicking device. IX. Shoes & Surfaces: 69. N. Mills, I. Lyn: Design and performance of judo mats. 70. C-S. Lin, Y-H. Nien, T-Y. Hung, C-K. Su, T-Y. Shiang: The ground reaction forces of running on different cushioning treadmills. 71. L.J. Anderson, P.R. Fleming, A. Ansarifar: Shock absorbing layers for synthetic sports pitches. 72. C. Young, P.R. Fleming, N. Dixon, R. Jones, J.R. Roberts: Correlating playing performance tests with human perceptions for synthetic field hockey pitches. 73. P. Fleming, C. Young, N. Dixon: Performance measurements on synthetic turf hockey pitches. 74. S-Y. Chuang, Z. Lin, M.C.K. Khoo, T.P. Hedman: Determination of shoe and track stiffness for running speed optimization. 75. Z. Rastovic, R. Vasiljev, R. Stulic: The design of optimal athletic lanes. 76. S. J. Haake, M. J. Carré, R. F. Kirk, T. Senior: Traction of studded boots on turf. 77. T. Tanaka, S. Ujihashi, M. Mochimaru, M. Kouchi: The evaluation of shoe stability based on the measurement of threedimensional foot joints movements. X. Sports Engineering: 78. R. Anderson, D.J. Collins: Are wireless technologies the future for augmented feedback? 79. S. Drawer, N.S. Siddall: Implementing an applied technology programme in World Class sport: What really has a performance impact? 80. M.P. Caine, R. Jones: Developing a sports technology/engineering degree programme: A case study. 81. A. Cooke, A.B. Taylor: Using an interactive, computer-based resource on the science of tennis for creative science education in the UK. 82. T. Shigenaga, N. Ezaki, N. Hirotsu, C. Miyaji: Development of TOUCH VOLLEY - volleyball tactical support system. 83. M.P. Buckingham, P. Watson, J. Blackford: ReacTec – from laboratory to the slopes – commercialisation of University research. 84. D.T. Curtis, S.J. Haake: Academia-industry collaboration: A catalyst for sports product innovation in the UK. 85. C. Liang: On innovations of gymnastics frontier techniques and their indispensable tripartite supports. XI. Vibration: 86. A.Z. Hastings, K.B. Blair, K.F. Culligan, D.M. Pober: Measuring the effect of transmitted road vibration on cycling performance. 87. G. Vedula, J.A. Sherwood: An experimental and finite element study of the relationship amongst the sweet spot, COP and vibration nodes in baseball bats. 88. Y. Kawazoe: Computer aided performance prediction and estimation system for a tennis racket in terms of power and stability. 89. D.A. Russell: Hoop frequency as a predictor of performance for softball bats. Aus dem Vorwort und Inhaltsverzeichnis