Abstract des Autors

The purpose of the present study was the detailization of possibilities for monitoring endurance training with the aid of urea blood-level dynamics in pre-exercise, early post exercise and delayed recovery stages (next morning, morning after rest day). The dynamics of training loads and urea were studied in 5 female cross country skiers and 6 male middle and long distance runners in different conditions: sea level, 900-1000 m and 1700-1800 m above sea level. Results obtained in female skiers did not demonstrate that training volume is the single factor determining the blood urea pattern. However, in runners during altitude training high positive correlations were found between urea levels and total training volume (r=0.83) or running at the aerobic regimen (r=0.80). During the first microcycle of altitude training high morning urea levels were found. Morning urea levels "normalized" when the training volume was reduced. In the third microcycle "optimal" morning urea levels (35 to 45 mg/100 ml) were maintained despite the increased training volume. At the end of the fourth microcycle a new trend to inadequate recovery appeared. Now this trend did not disappear when training volume was reduced. An operative information on urea pattern ensured for coaches to adjust the next training load. In result an opportunity appeared to perform hard training in association with effective recovery. Verf.-Referat