Abstract

Biomechanical differences between the two forms of running were observed, with greatest differences noted at the hip and ankle joints. Backward running resulted in considerably less hip joint range of motion with no hyperextension required. Greater knee joint range of motion was observed with increases at both the minimum and maximum positions. Since forward and backward running are kinematically opposite, there were more similarities between the forward speeds and the temporally reversed backward pattern than the regular backward pattern. The fact that the two forms are kinematically opposite also results in coresponding muscle function reversals, with concentric and eccentric actions being reversed for similar kinematic positions. Certainly all of these differences could allow for continued training in one mode when an injury limits performance in the other. It would, therefore, seem reasonable to assume that certain psychological and physiological needs could be met using backward running; but, like most alternatives, the extent would be dependent upon the individual and his/her needs. Verf.-Referat