Influence of Fish Oil-Derived n-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation on Changes in Body Composition and Muscle Strength During Short-Term Weight Loss in Resistance-Trained Men
Autor: | Jordan D. Philpott; Niels J. Bootsma; Nidia Rodriguez-Sanchez; David Lee Hamilton; Elizabeth MacKinlay; James Dick; Samuel Mettler; Stuart D. R. Galloway; Kevin D. Tipton; Oliver C. Witard |
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Sprache: | Englisch |
Veröffentlicht: |
2019 |
Quelle: | Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
Online Zugang: |
https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnut.2019.00102/full https://doaj.org/toc/2296-861X 2296-861X doi:10.3389/fnut.2019.00102 https://doaj.org/article/0187d1ef8a864ce8822bea538c994012 https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2019.00102 https://doaj.org/article/0187d1ef8a864ce8822bea538c994012 |
Erfassungsnummer: | ftdoajarticles:oai:doaj.org/article:0187d1ef8a864ce8822bea538c994012 |
Zusammenfassung
Background: A detrimental consequence of diet-induced weight loss, common in athletes who participate in weight cutting sports, is muscle loss. Dietary omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3PUFA) exhibit a protective effect on the loss of muscle tissue during catabolic situations such as injury-simulated leg immobilization. This study aimed to investigate the influence of dietary n-3PUFA supplementation on changes in body composition and muscle strength following short-term diet-induced weight loss in resistance-trained men.Methods: Twenty resistance-trained young (23 ± 1 years) men were randomly assigned to a fish oil group that supplemented their diet with 4 g n-3PUFA, 18 g carbohydrate, and 5 g protein (FO) or placebo group containing an equivalent carbohydrate and protein content (CON) over a 6 week period. During weeks 1–3, participants continued their habitual diet. During week 4, participants received all food items to control energy balance and a macronutrient composition of 50% carbohydrate, 35% fat, and 15% protein. During weeks 5 and 6, participants were fed an energy-restricted diet equivalent to 60% habitual energy intake. Body composition and strength were measured during weeks 1, 4, and 6.Results: The decline in total body mass (FO = −3.0 ± 0.3 kg, CON = −2.6 ± 0.3 kg), fat free mass (FO = −1.4 ± 0.3 kg, CON = −1.2 ± 0.3 kg) and fat mass (FO = −1.4 ± 0.2 kg, CON = −1.3 ± 0.3 kg) following energy restriction was similar between groups (all p > 0.05; d: 0.16–0.39). Non-dominant leg extension 1 RM increased (6.1 ± 3.4%) following energy restriction in FO (p < 0.05, d = 0.29), with no changes observed in CON (p > 0.05, d = 0.05). Dominant leg extension 1 RM tended to increase following energy restriction in FO (p = 0.09, d = 0.29), with no changes in CON (p > 0.05, d = 0.06). Changes in leg press 1 RM, maximum voluntary contraction and muscular endurance following energy restriction were similar between groups (p > 0.05, d = 0.05).Conclusion: Any possible improvements in muscle ...