Abstract des Autors

Creation of the Czecho-Slovak Republic after the WWI in 1918 meant a milestone also in the development of physical education and sport in Slovakia. New Czecho-Slovak government tried within the new constitutional conditions to enforce the Czechoslovak character of the state and to withhold the Hungarian influence in individual towns. Following its multi-national, multi-cultural and multi-confessional history, Slovakia had to get over long-time Hungarian wrongdoing and hungarization also in the area of sport. Before 1918, the Hungarian and partially also German sport clubs prevailed and any efforts to establish Slovak sport clubs were more platonic then realistic. However, the conditions and circumstances changed and adapted to the new state layout after 1918. Because of the tense military-political situation at the Czech borders and in Slovakia durlng 1918--1920, arrival of the Czech and also German sport was postponed until 1921. Similarly, the German organization DTV came to Bratislava in 1921 and to Spit in 1922. All relevant national physical education, sport or touristic organizations gradually established themselves. Particularly the physical education organizations were ideologically closely connected with political parties. Football, volleyball. Basketball, tennis, swimming, wrestling, box and table tennis became the most popular sports during 1918 -1924. However, Slovakia lagged behind when talking about the material and technical equipment, swimming pools or gyms. Often, Czech sport enthusiasts, who originally came during 1918-1920 to protect the new republic, were also helping with the development and management of the sport clubs.

Abstract des Autors

V predloženej štúdii sa snažíme poukázať na problémy v oblasti telovýchovy a športu na Slovensku po vzniku spoločné štátu Cechov a Slovákov. Vplyvom silného maďarizačného útlaku nemali Slováci do roku 1918 vlastné telovýchovné a športové organizácie. Zásluhou vyspelého českého športového hnutia, súbežne s etablovaním československej štátnej moci sa za výdatnej pomoci českých športových funkcionárov zakladali aj telocvičné, športové a turistické organizácie ako výraz československej štátnosti. Národnostné menšiny na našom území si od vzniku ČSR budovali svoje organizácie ako výraz národnostného a politického zápasu.