TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sands, William A.
A2  - Sands, William A.
A2  - Murray, Steven R.
A2  - McNeal, Jeni R.
A2  - Slater, Cindy
A2  - Stone, Michael H.
DB  - BISp
DP  - BISp
KW  - Anthropometrie
KW  - Datenanalyse
KW  - Gerätturnen
KW  - Kunstturnen
KW  - Körper
KW  - Körpergewicht
KW  - Körpergröße
KW  - Lebensalter
KW  - Olympische Spiele
KW  - Sportgeschichte
KW  - Trainingswissenschaft
KW  - Untersuchung, empirische
LA  - eng
TI  - Historical changes in height, mass and age of USA women’s Olympic gymnastics team : an update
TT  - Historische Veränderungen bei Größe, Gewicht und Alter in den Frauen-Olympiamannschaften der USA im Kunstturnen : ein Update
PY  - 2018
N2  - Nearly every modern Olympic Games has brought astonished comments and criticism of the body sizes of female gymnasts. The comments from laypersons, scientists, journalists, and physicians too often imply that these diminutive athletes are unusually small and possibly unhealthy. Purpose: An extended and updated analysis of the sizes of U.S. female Olympic gymnasts including the 2012 and 2016 Olympic Games. Methods: Official public records from the US Olympic Committee and USA Gymnastics of Olympic team members were assessed including height, mass, age, body-mass index (BMI) and team performance rankings. Sixteen Olympic teams with a total of 123 team positions including the alternates were assessed. Trend analyses were conducted using linear and polynomial models. Results: Analyses indicated that since 1956, height, mass, age, and BMI declined at first and then increased, with the exceptions of height and rank. Best regression fits were obtained via 2nd order polynomial equations. Height and rank showed a downward trend throughout the historical period. Conclusion: Female Olympic gymnasts were getting smaller through approximately the 1980s and early 1990s. An upward trend in size variables was then observed through 2008. The addition of the 2012 and 2016 Olympic Games data showed that height shifted to a decline from a slight upward trend, and rank continued to decline throughout the historical period.
L2  - https://www.fsp.uni-lj.si/mma/-/20181004121856/
SP  - S. 391-399
SN  - 1855-7171
JO  - Science of gymnastics journal
IS  - 3
VL  - 10
M3  - Elektronische Ressource (online)
M3  - Gedruckte Ressource
ID  - PU201812008917
ER  -