From block clearance to sprint running : characteristics underlying an effective transition
Deutscher übersetzter Titel: | Vom Start aus dem Startblock zum Sprinten : Charakteristika eines effektiven Übergangs |
---|---|
Autor: | Debaere, Sofie; Delecluse, Christophe; Aerenhouts, Dirk; Hagman, Friso; Jonkers, Ilse |
Erschienen in: | Journal of sports sciences |
Veröffentlicht: | 31 (2013), 2, S. 137-149, Lit. |
Format: | Literatur (SPOLIT) |
Publikationstyp: | Zeitschriftenartikel |
Medienart: | Gedruckte Ressource |
Sprache: | Englisch |
ISSN: | 0264-0414, 1466-447X |
DOI: | 10.1080/02640414.2012.722225 |
Schlagworte: | |
Online Zugang: | |
Erfassungsnummer: | PU201403001544 |
Quelle: | BISp |
Abstract
The aim of this study was to characterize the specifics of the sprint technique during the transition from start block into sprint running in well-trained sprinters. Twenty-one sprinters (11 men and 10 women), equipped with 74 spherical reflective markers, executed an explosive start action. An opto-electronic motion analysis system consisting of 12 MX3 cameras (250 Hz; 325,000 pixels) and two Kistler force plates (1000 Hz) was used to collect the three-dimensional (3D) marker trajectories and ground reaction forces (Nexus, Vicon). The 3D kinematics, joint kinetics, and power were calculated (Opensim) and were time normalized to 100% from the first action after gunshot until the end of second stance after block clearance (Matlab). The results showed that during the first stance, power generation at the knee plays a significant role in obtaining an effective transition, representing 31% of power generation in the lower limb, in the absence of preceding power absorption. Furthermore, the sprinter actively searches a more forward leaning position to maximize horizontal velocity. Since success during sprinting from the second stance onwards involves high hip and ankle activation, the above-mentioned three characteristics are specific skills required to successfully conclude the transition from start block into sprint running. Verf.-Referat