Erythropoietin and erythropoiesis stimulating agents
Deutscher übersetzter Titel: | Erythropoetin und die Erythropoese stimulierende Mittel |
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Autor: | Debeljak, Nataša; Sytkowski, Arthur J. |
Erschienen in: | Drug testing and analysis |
Veröffentlicht: | 4 (2012), 11 (Sports drug testing for erythropoiesis-stimulating agents and autologous blood transfusion), S. 805-812, Lit. |
Format: | Literatur (SPOLIT) |
Publikationstyp: | Zeitschriftenartikel |
Medienart: | Gedruckte Ressource Elektronische Ressource (online) |
Sprache: | Englisch |
ISSN: | 1942-7603, 1942-7611 |
DOI: | 10.1002/dta.1341 |
Schlagworte: | |
Online Zugang: | |
Erfassungsnummer: | PU201301000608 |
Quelle: | BISp |
Abstract
Erythropoietin (EPO) is the main hormonal regulator of red blood cell production. Recombinant EPO has become the leading drug for treatment of anaemia from a variety of causes; however, it is sometimes misused in sport with the aim of improving performance and endurance. This paper presents an introductory overview of EPO, its receptor, and a variety of recombinant human EPOs/erythropoiesis stimulating agents (ESAs) available on the market (e.g. epoetins and their long acting analogs – darbepoetin alfa and continuous erythropoiesis receptor activator). Recent efforts to improve on EPO's pharmaceutical properties and to develop novel replacement products are also presented. In most cases, these efforts have emphasized a reduction in frequency of injections or complete elimination of intravenous or subcutaneous injections of the hormone (biosimilars, EPO mimetic peptides, fusion proteins, endogenous EPO gene activators and gene doping). Isoelectric focusing (IEF) combined with double immunoblotting can detect the subtle differences in glycosylation/sialylation, enabling differentiation among endogenous and recombinant EPO analogues. This method, using the highly sensitive anti-EPO monoclonal antibody AE7A5, has been accepted internationally as one of the methods for detecting misuse of ESAs in sport. Verf.-Referat