Abstract

There is a shortage of investigation so far on football players’ training, considering it as long-term, integral and compact educational system, containing the selection period and also fundamental, special and elite phases of development. There is not much knowledge about young football players’ anthropomorfological and anthropometrichl changes, motor abilities changes in all those training periods. There is a lack of data about training content, structure, competition action analysis as well as evaluation while training football players of different age. As a result not only the theoretical but also practical problem of different age football players training is evident. The aim of the research is to create the training program for young football players (15-17 years old), to use it in practice during the training and evaluate its efficiency. Methods: theoretical and practical modelling of the training structure throughout the year, pedagogical experiment of one alternative, testing of motor abilities, testing of organism adaptation to the physical load, mathematical statistics. Results of the research: young footballers were playing soccer for 6 years and longer. During the one year cycle of training there were 198 training sessions held and 42 competitions played. The trainings were held regularly 3-5 times a week, considering the microcycle necessary for each training period. Almost every weckend there were control and official competitions held. Certain dates were dedicated for football players testing. As a result of investigation it was found out that the anthropometrical data of young football players (1517 years old) noticeably increased: during the year the average height increased for 2 cm (p<0.0001), the body weight increased for 2 kg (p<0.001) and almost for 1.5 kg (p<0.001) muscle mass, the Index of vital lung capacity has also changed from 4.96 ± 0.55 litres to 5.16 ± 0.48 litres (p<0.01). The abilities to perform sport movements to different directions had also improved. Jumping height while performing the vertical jump with hand movement from the initial standing position on the platform improved almost from 48.49 ± 3.64 cm to 49.18 ± 4.17 cm (p>0.05), however noticeably improved (p<0.01) the result of vertical jumping with hand movement (from 48.94 ± 3.65 cm to 50.76 ± 4.09 cm), when before resisting from the platform the additional jump is performed in order to jump on the platform. Body movement speed while moving vertically to horizontal direction (Margaria test) as well improved significantly (p<0.01) from 1.75 ± 0.07 m/s to 1.85 ± 0.11 m/s. The result of body movement speed in horizontal direction while running 5 m changed not noticeably. although our young football players improved the running of 30 meters result statistically significantly from 4.19 ± 0.19 s to 4.12 ± 0.16 s (p<0.001). Appreciably improved the results of moving forward and backward (agility test 10 x 5 m) (p<0.01). Power output results using the Wingate test were improving a bit from 580 ± 67.46 W to 605 ± 84.16 W. although the change of pulse frequency after 30 s of physical load showed that all the trainings done throughout the yearly cycle had a noticeable impact on the organism adaptation of the young football players. After 1 minute the heart beat rate increased from 150.41 ± 12.28 bt/min to 142.00 ± 9.71 bt/min and after 2 min – from 133.82 ± 11.41 bt/min to 122.47 ± 8.66 bt/min (p<0.0001). Verf.-Referat