Abstract des Autors

The international scientific literature on boxing discusses mostly sports specific injuries, different neurological diagnostic procedures and safety measures in this field. Little data is available concerning the exercise physiological parameters with respect to boxer's physical fitness. The aims of our study were: to develop specific laboratory and field tests in boxing, to compare the aerobic, anaerobic and circulatory efforts of boxers in different time interval tests, to find a physiological parameter which correlates well with the sports specific effectiveness. The members of the Hungarian National Boxing Team were the subjects of the follow-up study. Different types of treadmill tests were performed in laboratory conditions. Besides the treadmill tests a sports specific test was also administered in the gym. A special device was developed which measured not only the number, but also the power and impact of blows. Mechanical sensors were built into the boxing bag and were connected to a computer and a printer. The results showed, that the 3x3 min test in the laboratory was accompanied by significantly higher aerobic effort than the 4x2 or 5x2 min tests. In the case of the 3x3 min bouts the mean lactate values of the intervals were above the anaerobic threshold, while in the other two tests the levels were in the aerobic range. These results confirm that shortening the rounds and increasing the number of breaks has a protective effect on the safety of boxers because of improved energy conditions. Analysis of the dynamics of the impact of blows revealed remarkable differences in training conditions. The correct use of laboratory and field tests together in different training periods contributes to the effectiveness of training and makes possible the comparison of the results of team members with each other and with international values. This complex protocol seems to be the most objective way to date for evaluating specific endurance in boxing. Verf.-Referat