Static versus dynamic predictions of protective stepping following waist-pull perturbations in young and older adults

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Deutscher übersetzter Titel:Statische versus dynamische Aussagen zu balance-erhaltenden Ausgleichsschritten nach Gleichgewichtsstoerung durch Zug im Taillenbereich bei jungen und aelteren Erwachsenen
Autor:Pai, Y.C.; Rogers, M.W.; Patton, J.; Cain, T.D.; Hanke, T.A.
Erschienen in:Journal of biomechanics
Veröffentlicht:31 (1998), 12, S. 1111-1118, Lit.
Format: Literatur (SPOLIT)
Publikationstyp: Zeitschriftenartikel
Medienart: Gedruckte Ressource Elektronische Ressource (online)
Sprache:Englisch
ISSN:0021-9290, 1873-2380
DOI:10.1016/S0021-9290(98)00124-9
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Erfassungsnummer:PU199812306181
Quelle:BISp

Abstract des Autors

The purposes of this study were: 1) to determine the frequency of protective stepping for balance recovery in subjects of different ages and fall-status, and 2) to compare predicted stepping based on a dynamic model (Pai and Patton, 1997. Journal of Biomechanics 30, 347-354) involving displacement and velocity combinations of the center of mass (COM) versus a static model based on displacement alone against experimentally induced stepping. Responses to three different magnitudes of forward waist pulls were recorded for 13 young, 18 older-non-fallers and 18 older-fallers. The COM phase plane trajectories derived from motion analysis were compared with the model-predicted threshold values for stepping. We found that the older fallers had the highest percentage of stepping trials (52%), followed by older-non-fallers (17.3%), and young (2.7%) at the lowest perturbation level. Younger subjects stepped less often than the elderly at the middle level. Everyone consistently stepped at the highest level of perturbation. Overall, the dynamic model showed better predicitve capacity (65%) than the static model (5%) for estimating the initiation of stepping. Furthermore, the threshold for step initiation derived from the dynamic model could consistently predict when a step must occur. However, it was limited, especially among older fallers at the low perturbation level, in that it considered some steps "unnecessary" that were presumably triggered by fear of falling or other factors. Verf.-Referat