Heavy-resistance training in older Scandinavian men and women: short- and long-term effects on arm and leg muscles
Deutscher übersetzter Titel: | Intensives Krafttraining bei aelteren skandinavischen Maennern und Frauen: kurz- und langfristige Auswirkungen auf Arm- und Beinmuskulatur |
---|---|
Autor: | Lexell, J.; Downham, D.Y.; Larsson, Y.; Bruhn, E.; Morsing, B. |
Erschienen in: | Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports |
Veröffentlicht: | 5 (1995), 6, S. 329-341, Lit. |
Format: | Literatur (SPOLIT) |
Publikationstyp: | Zeitschriftenartikel |
Medienart: | Gedruckte Ressource Elektronische Ressource (online) |
Sprache: | Englisch |
ISSN: | 0905-7188, 1600-0838 |
DOI: | 10.1111/j.1600-0838.1995.tb00055.x |
Schlagworte: | |
Online Zugang: | |
Erfassungsnummer: | PU199601105107 |
Quelle: | BISp |
Abstract des Autors
The short- and long-term effects of heavy-resistance training (85% of one-repetition maximum (RM) on elbow flexion and knee extension dynamic and isokinetic strength and on morphology in the biceps brachii and vastus lateralis muscles were evaluated during 1 year in 35 Scandinavian men and women, aged 70-77 years, 12 of whom formed a control group. After the first 11 weeks of training (n = 23; 3 times/week) elbow flexion and knee extension dynamic strength (1 RM) had increased [mean +/- SD] 49% +/- 16 and 163% +/- 75, respectively with no significant difference between men and women. For the following 27 weeks, strength was maintained with one training session per week (n = 12) but dropped without training (n = 11). After the final 11 weeks of training (n = 11; 3 times/week), strength had further increased 32% +/- 16 in both the arm and the leg. Isokinetic strength measurements (Cybex II; 30ø/s) revealed similar but smaller gains than for dynamic strength. Muscle biopsies (n = 20) taken at the start and after the first 11 weeks of training showed a significant increase in the area of both type 1 and type 2 fibers in the biceps brachii muscle and a positive significant correlation between the percentage increase in the proportional area of type 2 fibers in the vastus lateralis muscle and the percentage increase in knee extension dynamic muscle strength. In conclusion, older Scandinavian men and women have a high capacity both to improve and to maintain muscle strength, some of which is mediated through an adaptation in the muscle fiber type population. Verf.-Referat