Sub-anesthetic xenon increases erythropoietin levels in humans : a randomized controlled trial
Deutscher übersetzter Titel: | Sub-anästhetisches Xenon erhöht das Erythropoietinniveau bei Menschen : eine randomisierte kontrollierte Studie |
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Autor: | Stoppe, Christian; Ney, Julia; Brenke, Martin; Goetzenich, Andreas; Emontzpohl, Christoph; Schälte, Gereon; Grottke, Oliver; Moeller, Manfred; Rossaint, Rolf; Coburn, Mark |
Erschienen in: | Sports medicine |
Veröffentlicht: | 46 (2016), 11, S. 1753-1766, Lit. |
Format: | Literatur (SPOLIT) |
Publikationstyp: | Zeitschriftenartikel |
Medienart: | Elektronische Ressource (online) Gedruckte Ressource |
Sprache: | Englisch |
ISSN: | 0112-1642, 1179-2035 |
DOI: | 10.1007/s40279-016-0505-1 |
Schlagworte: | |
Online Zugang: | |
Erfassungsnummer: | PU201611008000 |
Quelle: | BISp |
Abstract des Autors
Background
The licensed anesthetic xenon, which exerts organ protective properties, was recently added by the World Anti-Doping Agency to the list of prohibited substances. Xenon is supposed to trigger the production of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) and subsequently erythropoietin, but data are limited to in vivo experimental work. Therefore we evaluated the effect of xenon on erythropoietin levels in healthy persons.
Methods
Twenty-four healthy volunteers were randomly assigned either to a group spontaneously breathing xenon 30 % (Xe/O2 30 %/60 %) or a group breathing control gas (N2/O2 40 %/60 %) for 45 min. Primary outcome parameters were erythropoietin levels at several time-points after exposure. Secondary outcome parameters were serum levels of testosterone, cytokines, and growth factors as well as concentrations of xenon in blood and exhalation samples measured at several time-points after exposure. In addition, hemodynamic safety parameters were monitored during exposure.
Results
The administration of xenon significantly increased erythropoietin levels 8 h after exposure (1.34 [-/+0.368]; p = 0.008), peaking at 24 h compared to the baseline values (1.45 [-/+0.498]; p = 0.01) and remained traceable in blood and exhalation probes until 24 h after exposure. In contrast, no significant change was observed in the control group. Measurement of stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1) revealed a significant increase of SDF-1 levels (p = 0.005), whereas no differences were observed with respect to growth factors, cytokines, or androgens. In an in vitro chemotaxis assay, endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) showed a trend towards increased migration in serum samples received from participants after xenon exposure (p = 0.080).
Conclusion
The present study presents first evidence about a xenon-induced effect on increased erythropoietin levels in healthy volunteers.