Forward shoulder posture in collegiate swimmers
Deutscher übersetzter Titel: | Vordere Schulterposition bei College Schwimmern |
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Autor: | Laudner, Kevin G.; Wenig, Melissa; Selkow, Noelle M.; Williams, Jeffrey; Post, Eric |
Erschienen in: | Journal of athletic training |
Veröffentlicht: | 50 (2015), 11, S. 1133-1139, Lit. |
Format: | Literatur (SPOLIT) |
Publikationstyp: | Zeitschriftenartikel |
Medienart: | Gedruckte Ressource Elektronische Ressource (online) |
Sprache: | Englisch |
ISSN: | 1062-6050, 0160-8320, 1938-162X |
DOI: | 10.4085/1062-6050-50.11.07 |
Schlagworte: | |
Online Zugang: | |
Erfassungsnummer: | PU201604002572 |
Quelle: | BISp |
Abstract des Autors
Context: Empirical data for treating forward shoulder posture supports stretching the anterior shoulder musculature. Although muscle-energy techniques (METs) have been hypothesized to lengthen muscle, no data have described the usefulness of this technique among swimmers.
Objective: To determine if an MET provides improvements in resting pectoralis minor length (PML), forward scapular position, and scapular upward rotation in female collegiate swimmers.
Design: Controlled laboratory study.
Setting: Athletic training room.
Patients or Other Participants: Thirty-nine asymptomatic National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I women's swimmers (19 experimental, 20 control).
Intervention(s): The experimental group received 2 treatment sessions per week for 6 weeks. The control group received no intervention during this 6-week period.
Main Outcome Measure(s): We administered pretest and posttest measurements for PML, forward scapular position, and scapular upward rotation in positions of rest and 60°, 90°, and 120° of humeral elevation. The MET consisted of a 3-second stretch in the direction of the pectoralis minor fibers, followed by a 5-second isometric horizontal adduction contraction at 25% of maximum force. Immediately after this contraction, the entire sequence was repeated with the muscle being stretched to the new endpoint. A total of 4 cycles of MET were continuously applied per treatment session twice per week for 6 weeks. We conducted 1-way analyses of covariance to determine any between-groups postintervention test differences.
Results: The MET group had a greater increase in PML postintervention (P = .001, effect size = 1.6) and a greater decrease in forward scapular position postintervention (P = .001, effect size = 1.07) compared with the control group. No differences were found for scapular upward rotation (P > .10).
Conclusions: Our results indicate that 6 weeks of MET treatments applied to the pectoralis minor of asymptomatic female swimmers provided improvements in PML and forward scapular position compared with a control group.