Abstract des Autors

Thinking about the observation that frequently arise motor incoordination during or after intense or prolonged endurance exercise in subjects exhausted, the Authors want to remember that during this exercise it may induce ammonia accumulation. Its concentration in several body compartements is elevated during exercise predominantly by increased activity of the purine nucleotide cycle (PNC) in skeletal muscle. It seems reasonable to assume that hyperammoniemia may induce a state of acute toxicity which is relative to Fischer theory of "False neurotransmitters", represented by aromatic amino-acids. Those cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) instead of "Glutamina" (G) and interfere in brain with true neurotransmitters (Dopamina, Noradrenalina). At the same time the aromatic amino-acids decrease in peripheral organs when branched amino-acids increase, their relationship 3:1 can be reduced until 1:1. In this same manner, amonia can also cross the BBB, although the rate of diffusion of ammonia from blood to brain during exercise is unknown. The direction of movement of ammonia or the ammonium ion is dependent on concentration and pH gradients between tissues. Hyperammonemia is transient and reversible relative to disease states, to detoxification capacity and specific sensitivity. The Authors suggest a type of diet that can be applied during training or the day before competition, which has to prevent degenerative disease and increase level of branched amino acids for preventing syndrome of hyperammonemia and false neurotransmitters. The Mediterranean Diet (MD) seems the best to this aim. Verf.-Referat