Abstract des Autors

Two investigations were conducted to test the hypotheses that a) elite Chinese athletes participating in the sports of track and field, fencing, and gymnastics exhibit differential psychological profiles, and b) elite Chinese athletes participating in track and field exhibit superior psychological skill profiles when compared with collegiate level Chinese track and field athletes. Subjects were 83 elite Chinese athletes competing for the People's Republic of China in three individual sports, and 94 collegiate Chinese athletes competing in track and field. Psychological skills were assessed with the Psychological Skills Inventory for Sports (PSIS R-5). MANOVA and follow-up univariate analyses revealed significant relationships between psychological skills and the factors of sport played, gender, and level of play. Elite Chinese male track and field athletes and female gymnasts exhibited motivational scores that were significantly lower than other sport/gender categories of athletes. Similarly, elite male Chinese track and field athletes displayed team emphasis scores that are lower than those displayed by elite female track and field performers, female fencers, and male gymnasts. Elite Chinese track and field athletes (regardless of gender) exhibited higher anxiety control and confidence scores than collegiate level athletes. Verf.-Referat