Abstract des Autors

In order to investigate the physiological performance capacity of prepubescent children, who practice soccer, an exercise test on the field is necessary that: doesn't need too much complicated and expensive equipment, too much time and must be easily repeated, without risk of accident. Therefore we have employed a test consisting of running on the place with alternatively raised knees up to horizontal line (SKIP), with a rhythm of 160 steps per minute, recording in the meantime the heart rate (beats per minute) with a transmitter monitor equipment. We have examined fifty children aged 9+/-1.1 years, prepubescent according to maturation scale of Tanner. The exercise test was performed to physiological exhaustion and the end of exercise was considered when: the child stopped or showed signs of not coordinating the legs or of lowering the knees under horizontal line. With the examination of diagrams, reporting of the ordinates the heart rate (beats/minute: from 70 to 210) and on the abscissas the time of exercise in seconds (from 0" to 80"), we obtained these results: 1) rectilinear trend of the diagrams till the time of 19"+/- 8" of exercise (mainly corresponding to anaerobic sources of ATP; 2) deflection of the diagrams at the time of 19"+/-8" of exercise (corresponding to the anaerobic threshold, at which point pulmonary ventilation accelerated); 3) maximum of heart rate (185+/-16 beats/minute) at the end of exercise test and duration time of exercise (45"+/-20"), corresponding mainly to aerobic energy sources; 4) duration time of restoration to return to heart rate at rest, before test (between 60" and 90" after stopping exercise); 5) neuromuscular coordination and velocity of legs and type of laying down the feet on the field. This work can give some simple and useful information: on the physiological performance of children, on training condition during the year, an attempt to classify children into sprint or endurance type, cardiorespiratory surveillance of children during sport season. Verf.-Referat